Standardized tests play a huge role in college admission decisions, since they have a dramatic impact on determining which institutions will offer to accept you. Among these tests, the ACT and SAT are the most common and widely recognized, and each has its own unique format and focus. If you’re a student trying to decide between taking the ACT and SAT, understanding the differences between them can help you choose the test that best aligns with your strengths and goals.
Overview of the ACT and SAT
The ACT, administered by ACT, Inc., is a standardized test that assesses high school students’ general educational development and their readiness for the work they’ll find at the college level. There are four core sections of the ACT: English, Math, and Reading, with an optional Writing section. A science section is also currently included, but that will also become optional in 2025.
On the other hand, the SAT, offered by the College Board, focuses on skills and knowledge that you need to be ready for college and your chosen career. It’s split into two main sections: Evidence-Based Reading and Writing, and Math. The SAT also has an essay section, but that’s optional.
Key Differences Between ACT and SAT
Science Section
Probably the largest difference between the SAT and ACT is the ACT’s inclusion of a dedicated Science section. This section evaluates your ability to interpret, analyze, and evaluate scientific information. If you’re good at interpreting data and scientific reasoning, the ACT might be a better choice for you.
The SAT doesn’t have a separate science section. Instead, scientific concepts are included in the Reading and Math sections. This means that if you have strong scientific reasoning and data analysis skills, the ACT gives you a better opportunity to showcase these skills directly.
Math Focus
When it comes to math, the ACT and SAT have different approaches to it. The ACT covers a broad range of math topics, including algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. It’s known for including more advanced math questions that may require you to use complex problem-solving skills. Conversely, the SAT puts a strong emphasis on more general algebra and data analysis, with fewer questions on advanced math topics.
If you’re more comfortable with higher-level math concepts and complex problem-solving, you’ll do better on the ACT’s math section. However, if algebra and data analysis are your strengths, the SAT might be a better fit for you.
Reading and Vocabulary
Many people consider the SAT to be more focused on reading comprehension and vocabulary. It includes critical reading passages and questions that test your ability to interpret and analyze complex texts. In contrast, the ACT reading section also includes passages but tends to be more straightforward. It focuses on understanding and analyzing texts without placing the heavy emphasis on vocabulary that the SAT does.
Timing
Timing is another important factor you need to consider when choosing between the ACT test and the SAT test. The ACT generally provides less time per question compared to the SAT. If you’re one of those test takers that spends more time on individual questions, you might prefer the SAT. Its slightly more generous timing can be better if you need a bit more time to complete each section.
Deciding Factors
When deciding between the ACT test and SAT test, think about your academic strengths and what the colleges you want to get into are requiring. Many institutions accept both tests equally, but some may prefer one or the other. As a result, it can never hurt to check the admissions policies of the colleges you’re interested in.
A common mistake many students make is not taking practice tests for either. Don’t overlook these, because they can help a lot. These tests will give you a sense of which format you feel more comfortable with, and which is better for your specific test-taking strategies and skills.
Choosing Between ACT and SAT Tests
When weighing the pros and cons of the ACT vs SAT, there really isn’t a definitive answer, since your individual strengths and preferences play such a huge role in the decision. Both tests are designed to see how ready you are for college, but they do that in different ways. With an understanding of the key differences and taking your personal academic profile, you can make an informed choice that aligns with your goals.
Regardless of the test you choose, preparing thoroughly and understanding how each test aligns with your skills is the most important factor. With the right preparation and a clear understanding of each test’s format, you can make informed decisions about your college prep, and therefore, your future.
